![]() ![]() For Huntington, assimilation has “enabled America to expand its population, occupy a continent, and develop its economy with millions of dedicated, energetic, ambitious, and talented people, who became overwhelmingly committed to America’s Anglo-Protestant culture and the values of the American Creed, and who helped to make America a major force in global affairs.” His stance on assimilation is racist as it portrays the Latinx community in unerringly negative terms and implicitly promotes white supremacy through the denunciation of any language other than English. His 2004 book entitled Who Are We? The Challenges to American’s National Identity vociferously calls for assimilation from the Latinx community, most explicitly as regards learning the English language. From the Anglo community, one of the most vocal advocates for assimilation is Harvard scholar Samuel P. Some Latinx scholars have advocated the benefits of this type of negotiation with Anglo American society, most notably Linda Chávez and Richard Rodriguez (see: Chávez, Out of the Barrio and Richard Rodriguez, Hunger of Memory: The Education of Richard Rodriguez, An Autobiography (Boston, MA: D.R. See also: Nazli Kibria, “Race, Ethnic Options, and Ethnic Binds: Identity Negotiations of Second Generation Chinese and Korean Americans,” Sociological Perspectives, 2000, 43 (1): 77–95.Ĭastillo, Massacre, 22. Gastón Fernandez, Beverley Nagal, and León Narváez (Indiana: Wyndham Hall Press, 1987): 68–101. See also: María Cristina García, Havana USA Cuban Exiles and Cuban Americans in South Florida, 1959–1994 (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1996), 83–120 and Silvia Pedraza-Bailey, “Cuban Political Immigrants and Mexican Economic Immigrants: The Role of Government Policy in Their Assimilation,” in Hispanic Migration and the United States: A Study in Politics, ed. ![]() Johnson, “‘Melting Pot’ or ‘Ring of Fire’?: Assimilation and the Mexican-American experience,” California Law Review 85 (5) (1997), 1259–1313). In contrast, Puerto Ricans, some of whom are black, are the Latinx national origin group least likely to be assimilated in this way (Kevin R. Johnson outlines the differences stating that, for example, Cuban-Americans, a group with many fair-skinned persons, assimilate economically, politically, and socially. The variety of phenotypes within the broad Latinx community in the United States results in divergent outcomes when assimilation is attempted. Evelyn Nakano Glenn (Palo Alto, CA: Stanford University Press, 2009), 1. MERIDIAN 157 CHAPTER 3 ENDING EXPLAINED SKINKaplan (Minneapolis: University of Minneapolis Press, 1997): 69–87.Īngela Harris, “Introduction: Economies of Color,” in Shades of Difference: Why Skin Color Matters, ed. Catching a Wave: Reclaiming Feminism for the 21st Century (Boston: Northeastern University Press, 2003) Lisa Maria Hogeland, “Against Generational Thinking, or Some Things That ‘Third Wave’ Feminism Isn’t,” Women’s Studies in Communication 24 (2001): 107–21 Jennifer Purvis, “Grrrls and Women Together in the Third Wave: Embracing the Challenges of Intergenerational Feminism(s),” NWSA Journal: A Publication of the National Women’s Studies Association 16 (3) (2004): 93–123 and Judith Roof, “Generational Difficulties, or, The Fear of a Barren History,” in Generations: Academic Feminists in Dialogue, ed. Rebecca Walker (New York: Anchor Books, 1995): 279–84 Rory Dicker and Alison Piepmeier, ed. Davis, “Afterword,” To Be Real: Telling the Truth and Changing the Face of Feminism, ed. These data support the more widespread use of non-pharmacological pain management, most notably in patients with chronic pain inadequately relieved by medications alone.Lisa Adkins, “Passing on Feminism: From Consciousness to Reflexivity?,” European Journal of Women’s Studies 11 (4) (2004): 427–44. No serious adverse effects have been reported. The mechanisms of action of acupuncture and TENS, which are increasingly well understood, involve endogenous pain control systems, cerebral plasticity, and nonspecific effects (e.g., expectations and placebo effect). Nevertheless, recent studies of good methodological quality have demonstrated benefits in many types of pain compared to conventional treatment. As with all complementary treatments, efficacy evaluations face two hurdles: the non-feasibility of double-blinding and the difficulty in identifying the optimal control population or treatment. Acupuncture and transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) are non-pharmacological methods that have been used for millennia to relieve pain. ![]()
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